European Remote-Work and Long-Stay Routes
Official guidance on national remote-work and long-stay routes, including their limits and eligibility conditions.
Spain: International telework authorization (digital nomad)
Spain's official consular guidance describes an international telework visa and a residence authorization application that can be made from within Spain. Income and documentary requirements depend on family circumstances and the current annual wage figure.
Portugal: Residence visa and residence permit for remote work (D8)
Portugal's remote-work residence route requires a visa and a subsequent residence permit. AIMA describes a two-year initial residence permit, renewable for successive three-year periods; the income threshold is indexed to the minimum wage.
Italy: Italy digital nomad / remote worker national visa
Italy's consular guidance describes a national visa for qualified remote workers and digital nomads. Requirements and income figures vary by category and the responsible consulate's current instructions.
Greece: Greek Digital Nomad national visa
The Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs describes a national digital nomad visa for remote workers whose employers or clients are based outside Greece. The published visa period is up to twelve months; a separate residence route may be available under national law.
Croatia: Croatian temporary stay for digital nomads
Croatia's Ministry of the Interior describes temporary stay for digital nomads for up to eighteen months. The income threshold is indexed to official salary data and may change.
Estonia: Estonian Digital Nomad Visa (D visa)
Estonia's Digital Nomad Visa is a temporary long-stay visa, not a residence permit or e-Residency status. Government information describes a maximum stay of up to one year and requires evidence of remote work and income.
France: France long-stay visitor visa (VLS-TS Visiteur)
The France-Visas visitor route is for a private stay longer than three months without professional activity. It is not a digital nomad work authorization; remote workers should not rely on it without separate advice from the French authorities.
Germany: Residence permit for freelance work (Freiberufler, § 21(5) AufenthG)
Germany has a freelance residence-permit route, not a general digital nomad visa. Federal guidance says it is initially limited to up to three years; filing location depends on nationality and immigration status.
Last reviewed 2026-10-27. Check linked government guidance before travel.